CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 12: Earth, Moon, and the Sun — Assertion & Reason
CBSE Class 7 Science Assertion & Reason
Expert crafted · Instant PDF download · 2026-27
The following Assertion and Reason questions are based on Chapter 12: Earth, Moon, and the Sun from the NCERT Class 7 Science textbook Curiosity. Each question has four options — read both the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) carefully before selecting your answer.
How to attempt Assertion & Reason questions:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Assertion & Reason Questions
1
Assertion (A): The Sun appears to rise in the East and set in the West.
Reason (R): The Earth rotates on its axis from West to East.
Reason (R): The Earth rotates on its axis from West to East.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Because the Earth continuously spins eastward, celestial bodies like the Sun appear to move across our sky in the opposite westward direction.
2
Assertion (A): The Earth completes one full rotation on its axis in exactly 365 days.
Reason (R): Rotation is the motion of an object in which all its parts move in circles around an imaginary line passing through it.
Reason (R): Rotation is the motion of an object in which all its parts move in circles around an imaginary line passing through it.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. The Earth completes one full rotation on its axis in about 24 hours (causing day and night). It takes 365 days to complete one revolution around the Sun.
3
Assertion (A): The Pole Star appears nearly stationary in the night sky from Earth.
Reason (R): The Earth's axis of rotation points very close to the Pole Star in the Northern Hemisphere.
Reason (R): The Earth's axis of rotation points very close to the Pole Star in the Northern Hemisphere.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Since the Earth's axis aligns with the Pole Star, it doesn't appear to move as the Earth spins, making it a reliable navigational guide.
4
Assertion (A): Long exposure photographs of the night sky show stars as circular arcs called star trails.
Reason (R): This apparent motion of the stars is caused by the rotation of the Earth.
Reason (R): This apparent motion of the stars is caused by the rotation of the Earth.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. As the Earth rotates, the stationary stars appear to move in circles around the celestial pole, which is captured by the camera over time.
5
Assertion (A): Aryabhata explained the apparent motion of stars due to the Earth's rotation in his treatise Aryabhatiya.
Reason (R): Aryabhata used a Foucault pendulum to successfully demonstrate the Earth's rotation.
Reason (R): Aryabhata used a Foucault pendulum to successfully demonstrate the Earth's rotation.
Answer: (c)
A is true, but R is false. Aryabhata did explain the rotation using the analogy of a moving boat, but the Foucault pendulum was invented by the French scientist Leon Foucault in the 19th century, much later.
6
Assertion (A): The pattern of stars visible in the night sky after sunset gradually changes over the course of a year.
Reason (R): As the Earth revolves around the Sun, we look in different directions into space during different months.
Reason (R): As the Earth revolves around the Sun, we look in different directions into space during different months.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The Earth's orbital movement around the Sun constantly shifts our nighttime viewpoint, revealing different constellations.
7
Assertion (A): The occurrence of seasons on Earth is primarily caused by the varying distance between the Earth and the Sun.
Reason (R): The Earth maintains a tilted axis of rotation as it orbits around the Sun.
Reason (R): The Earth maintains a tilted axis of rotation as it orbits around the Sun.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. Seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis and its spherical shape, not the distance to the Sun. In fact, Earth is closest to the Sun in January.
8
Assertion (A): In June, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the summer season.
Reason (R): The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun in June, receiving more intense sunlight for a longer time.
Reason (R): The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun in June, receiving more intense sunlight for a longer time.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The tilt exposes the Northern Hemisphere to more direct sunrays and longer days, creating summer conditions.
9
Assertion (A): Around 21 March and 23 September, the daytime lasts for exactly 12 hours.
Reason (R): In the Northern Hemisphere, these days are known as the summer and winter solstices.
Reason (R): In the Northern Hemisphere, these days are known as the summer and winter solstices.
Answer: (c)
A is true, but R is false. These days (March 21 and Sept 23) are known as equinoxes, not solstices. Solstices occur around June 21 and December 22.
10
Assertion (A): The southern states of India experience very prominent and extreme seasonal changes.
Reason (R): States close to the equator receive almost 12 hours of sunlight and 12 hours of darkness throughout the year.
Reason (R): States close to the equator receive almost 12 hours of sunlight and 12 hours of darkness throughout the year.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. Because areas near the equator receive relatively constant sunlight year-round, they do NOT experience prominent or extreme seasonal changes.
11
Assertion (A): A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes in between the Sun and the Earth.
Reason (R): The Moon blocks the sunlight from reaching certain parts of the Earth.
Reason (R): The Moon blocks the sunlight from reaching certain parts of the Earth.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. When aligned, the Moon intercepts the Sun's light, casting its shadow onto the Earth and creating a solar eclipse.
12
Assertion (A): The Moon can completely block the Sun during a total solar eclipse despite being physically much smaller than the Sun.
Reason (R): The apparent size of the Moon is similar to that of the Sun because the Moon is much closer to the Earth.
Reason (R): The apparent size of the Moon is similar to that of the Sun because the Moon is much closer to the Earth.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Apparent size depends on both physical size and distance. The Moon's proximity exactly compensates for its smaller size, allowing it to cover the Sun.
13
Assertion (A): When Venus passes between the Sun and the Earth, it completely blocks the Sun just like the Moon does.
Reason (R): Though Venus is larger than the Moon, it is much farther from the Earth, so its apparent size is very small.
Reason (R): Though Venus is larger than the Moon, it is much farther from the Earth, so its apparent size is very small.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. Because Venus is so far away, it only appears as a tiny black dot passing against the Sun (a transit), and cannot block it completely like the Moon.
14
Assertion (A): It is safe to view a solar eclipse directly with the naked eye because the Sun's intense light is partially blocked.
Reason (R): The Sun's rays during an eclipse can still severely damage the eyes and cause blindness.
Reason (R): The Sun's rays during an eclipse can still severely damage the eyes and cause blindness.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. It is incredibly dangerous to look at a solar eclipse directly; proper solar viewing filters or projection methods must be used to protect the eyes.
15
Assertion (A): During a total lunar eclipse, the bright disc of the Moon appears dark red in colour.
Reason (R): A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting its shadow on the Moon.
Reason (R): A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting its shadow on the Moon.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The Earth blocks the direct sunlight, causing the eclipsed Moon to take on a reddish hue from the Earth's shadow.
16
Assertion (A): Unlike a solar eclipse, a completely eclipsed full Moon can be safely watched with the naked eye.
Reason (R): The Moon does not emit its own intense light but only reflects sunlight, which is safe to look at.
Reason (R): The Moon does not emit its own intense light but only reflects sunlight, which is safe to look at.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Because you are only looking at reflected, dimmed light rather than the direct, blinding rays of the Sun, no eye protection is needed.
17
Assertion (A): Leon Foucault used a long pendulum to give the first simple demonstration of the Earth's rotation.
Reason (R): A Foucault pendulum has been installed in the new Parliament building in New Delhi.
Reason (R): A Foucault pendulum has been installed in the new Parliament building in New Delhi.
Answer: (b)
Both A and R are true, but R is NOT the correct explanation of A. While both statements are true, the installation of the pendulum in New Delhi does not explain Foucault's original 19th-century scientific demonstration.
18
Assertion (A): The polar regions experience continuous sunshine for six months followed by a six-month period of darkness.
Reason (R): The Earth's axis of rotation is tilted with respect to its orbit.
Reason (R): The Earth's axis of rotation is tilted with respect to its orbit.
Answer: (a)
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Because of the tilt, one pole is continually pointed toward the Sun for half the orbit, while the other is pointed away in darkness.
19
Assertion (A): The path the Earth takes while revolving around the Sun is a perfect circle.
Reason (R): The Earth takes about 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution around the Sun.
Reason (R): The Earth takes about 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution around the Sun.
Answer: (d)
A is false, but R is true. The orbit of the Earth is not a perfect circle; it is an oval-shaped (elliptical) path.
20
Assertion (A): M.K. Vainu Bappu is known as the father of modern Indian astronomy.
Reason (R): He helped set up the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory in 1899.
Reason (R): He helped set up the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory in 1899.
Answer: (c)
A is true, but R is false. M.K. Vainu Bappu is the father of modern Indian astronomy and set up telescopes at Manora Peak and Kavalur. However, the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory was established much earlier in 1899, prior to his contributions.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
What is covered in CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth, Moon, and the Sun?
This chapter covers all key topics from Earth, Moon, and the Sun as per CBSE 2026-27 syllabus.
Is this Assertion & Reason useful for CBSE board exams?
Yes, designed for CBSE Class 7 board exam preparation covering the complete syllabus.
Are these CBSE Class 7 Science Assertion & Reason updated for 2026-27?
Yes, all content at eBookPublisher is updated as per the latest 2026-27 CBSE syllabus.
How many chapters are in CBSE Class 7 Science?
All chapters of CBSE Class 7 Science are covered at eBookPublisher with free Assertion & Reason for each chapter.
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